一、图表写作
1. 开头：
the type of chart + verb + description
the type of chart : the pie chart / the line graph
verb : show / illustrate / present / demonstrate / describe / demonstrate / outline / indicate / reveal / provide an overview of
description: the number / proportion / information / data / percentage / share / statistics / numbers / figures
改写转述题目：同义词替换，改变词性，增加信息
2. 主体段：
主体段第一句开头“由图可见”的常用表达：
It can be clearly seen from the chart that…
As can be clearly seen from the chart, …
We can see clearly from the chart that …
According to the chart, …
It is apparent/ obvious / evident / manifest from the … chart that …
主体段第一句和第二句的过渡句：
To be more exact, = More exactly,
To be more precise, = More precisely,
To be more specific, = More specifically,
3. 描述趋势
描述趋势的基本句型：
1)主语+表示趋势的动词+(副词)+数字+时间状语
例：The travelers to Western Europe increased considerably from 19,371 in 1996 to 24,519.
2)(形式)主语+动词+(形容词)+表示趋势的名词+in描述的事物+时间状语
It showed a small increase in the number of the UK population who traveled abroad over the period.
描述趋势变化的动词与名词：
1)表达上升趋势的动词：
to go up 上升 to rise 上升 to increase 增长 to climb 爬升
to jump上涨 to rocket猛涨 to shoot up 暴涨
to peak到达顶峰 to reach a peak 到达顶峰
2)表达下降趋势的动词：
to go down 下降 to fall 下降 to decrease 减少 to drop 下跌
to plunge暴跌 to plummet暴跌 to slide 下滑
to reach a trough 降到谷底 to fall to the lowest point 降到谷底
to bottom out 降到最低点，停止下降并即将回升
3)表达上升趋势的名词：
a rise 上升 an increase 增加 growth 增长 a jump 突升
a surge 上涨
4)表达下降趋势的名词：
a fall 下降 a dip 下降 a decrease 减少 reduction 减少
a decline 下降 a collapse 下滑 a drop 下跌
5)表示不变的动词或动词短语
remain the same / remain constant / remain stable / remain steady /remain unchanged / show little change
6)时间状语：
between … and … / since …in … / in the first six months / over the last twelve months / by…
4. 做比较的方法：
1)比较级和最高级
2. 描述份额的句型：
动词：be, make up, constitute, account for
使用定语从句：
White, which is 56.11%, is considerably more common than blue, which makes up 12.72%.
使用括号：
In 1996, there were 15,246 holiday makers abroad, which was much larger than the number of business travelers (3,155) and that of visitors to their friends and relatives (2,689).
二、信函写作
首段：
with reference to…
further to …
I am writing in connection with …
Thank you for your letter of (date) concerning …
We have received your letter of (date), enclosing …
I am writing to …
结尾：
I look forward to receiving your reply / order / products/etc.
1. 订单类
We welcome you the order above order.
We shall be pleased to receive further orders from you.
2. 询问信息类
With reference to …, I would like to have more information about the above.
Could you tell us / could you inform us
I am writing to enquiry about …
I am interested in your …
I would like further information / details about …
We would like to know about / if …
We would be grateful if you could let us know about/if …
3. 投诉类
I am writing to complain about …
I am not satisfied with …
Unfortunately, we have not yet received your payment.
I would like to remind you of the fact that
I would like to draw your attention to (the fact that) …
I would like to point out that …
I hope that it is not necessary to remind you that …
I must therefore insist that …
I am sure you can understand my disappointment. I would therefore be glad if you could investigate this matter.
